CPlusPlus Type Casting

From Stack Overflow

Contents 1 dynamic_cast 2 static_cast 3 reinterpret_cast 4 const_cast 5 typeid

dynamic_cast

Cast a derived class to a base class.

class CBase { };
class CDerived: public CBase { };

CBase b; CBase* pb;
CDerived d; CDerived* pd;

pb = dynamic_cast<CBase*>(&d);     // ok: derived-to-base
pd = dynamic_cast<CDerived*>(&b);  // wrong: base-to-derived

static_cast

Either direction, but when going from base to derived, the programmer needs to ensure that the pointer really is to the derived class.

reinterpret_cast

Anything to anything (...probably not a great idea...)

const_cast

Add or remove the "const" prefix (...probably not a great idea...)

typeid

Allows looking at an object's type information at runtime (e.g. introspection).

// typeid
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
using namespace std;

int main () {
  int * a,b;
  a=0; b=0;
  if (typeid(a) != typeid(b))
  {
    cout << "a and b are of different types:\n";
    cout << "a is: " << typeid(a).name() << '\n';
    cout << "b is: " << typeid(b).name() << '\n';
  }
  return 0;
}

Prints:

a and b are of different types:
a is: int *
b is: int  

// typeid, polymorphic class
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <exception>
using namespace std;

class CBase { virtual void f(){} };
class CDerived : public CBase {};

int main () {
  try {
    CBase* a = new CBase;
    CBase* b = new CDerived;
    cout << "a is: " << typeid(a).name() << '\n';
    cout << "b is: " << typeid(b).name() << '\n';
    cout << "*a is: " << typeid(*a).name() << '\n';
    cout << "*b is: " << typeid(*b).name() << '\n';
  } catch (exception& e) { cout << "Exception: " << e.what() << endl; }
  return 0;
}

Prints:

a is: class CBase *
b is: class CBase *
*a is: class CBase
*b is: class CDerived